Algeria - Al Qaeda in the Maghreb

On the terror front, the world's attention has beenGerman tourists in the Sahara - all later released after
trained on Iraq and Afghanistan. Yet recenta ransom was paid.
developments in Algeria suggest that Al Qaeda has aJust as the GIA morphed into the GSPC, the GSPC
renewed interest in establishing a foothold in thehas lately morphed into "Al-Qaeda in the Islamic
region, especially in the rough border terrain betweenMaghreb". Any doubt that this marked a link to the
Algeria, Mali and Mauritania. This is rugged country,Bin Laden network was dispelled by comments from
difficult of access. In many ways a perfect stagingGSPC leader, Abdelmalek Droukdel, who has explicitly
ground for terrorism.confirmed the connection between his mujahideen
Algeria been strangely understated in news coverageand Al Qaeda. It's not as though this was a new and
which is remarkable, given the killing spree that hasstartling revelation. GSPC leader, Abu Musab Abdel
been going on behind the scenes. Information is hardWadoud, allegedly corresponded with Al Zarqawi, the
to come by, hardly surprising when you consider thatnow deceased Al Qaeda leader in Iraq. Wadoud is
the government routinely stifles news of terroralso on record lauding the achievements of Zarqawi in
bombings. For example numerous attacks in thea 2005 interview.
Kabylei Mountain region have gone unreported.Why has Algerian terrorism been able to get such a
Recently though, two bombings in Algiers did makefoothold? Part of the problem lies with initiatives on
the headlines and point to new developments on thethe part of the Bouteflika government with respect
terror front that over time could have implications forto post-civil war reconciliation strategies. Reconciliation
Europe. It is precisely the close proximity to Europewas never a simple proposition in a climate that had
that makes it surprising the Algerian situation hasn'tbecome poisonous and divisive. Following a
been put under a lot more scrutiny. Said Saadi, anreferendum for "national reconciliation", an amnesty
opposition politician, had this to say about the Algeriawas granted to Islamists from the 1990's civil war.
Europe connection ... "It is as if Bin Laden hasUnder a new "national reconciliation" law Islamists
stationed his people on an aircraft carrier off yourhave been released from prison, but a percentage of
coastline."these have drifted back to the networks that
Is this overstatement? To what extent do Algeriansupport them. It should also be noted that the GSPC
terrorist groups pose a threat to Europe? To get atotally rejected the reconciliation efforts and vowed
realistic view of any potential threat it's important toto continue their jihad.
look at the background to the current developments.Intelligence experts fear that if not checked, these Al
Back in 1991, when the Islamic Salvation Army (FIS),Qaeda affiliated operators may attempt to broaden
looked as though it was going to be elected, a coupthe zone of combat into a regional struggle that
d'etat ensued. The military takeover was opposed bycould include Morocco and Tunisia. Some even
the GIA or Armed Islamic Group, a militia connectedspeculate that the combat zone might be extended
with FIS. In the civil war that followed some 200,000into Europe. This seems far fetched at this point, but
lives were lost, in addition to many reports ofthere is a danger in underestimating the
abductions, rapes and other human rights violations.resourcefulness of these fighters, as we have
The GIA operations at that time included Frenchrecently seen with the surprising determination of
targets. In an effort to prevent the French fromTaliban offensives in Afghanistan. Opportunistic terror
getting involved in the Algerian struggle, the GIAbombings though can't be ruled out.
hijacked an Air France plane with the intention ofThere has been much talk about a new generation
flying it into the Eiffel Tower. Their plans fell apartof terrorists and new theaters of combat. In the
when the plane was stormed by French commandosyears following 9/11 Al Qaeda appeared to be on the
at Marseilles-Marignane airport.run, but all the evidence now points to resurgent
Further European attacks were attempted with theactivity. American and European intelligence agencies
emergence of the GSPC, or Group for Call andhave little doubt that border regions between
Combat. Members of this group were implicated inAfghanistan and Pakistan have become the staging
planning a terror attack in France during the 1998ground for the new version of Al Qaeda. What is
World Cup. A German connection also emerged whenmost troublesome about this phenomena, is that
four Algerian GSPC members were arrested inthanks to ill conceived strategies in Iraq, radicalism
Frankfurt. Evidence revealed that they were planninghas spread like wild fire and there are now many
an attack in Strasbourg. A story that got extensivemore Muslims throughout these regions ready and
coverage was the 2003 GSPC kidnapping of 17willing to take up arms.