FIVE YEARS OF THE ARMY DICTATORSHIP IN PAKISTAN, ONE MORE BLACK DAY ADDED TO THE DIRTY RULE

Five years after seizing power in a bloodless coup,Pakistan, but for regional and world peace."
Pakistan’s military Dictator, and self-appointedNo two opinions are the same about the time-tested
President Pervez Musharraf remains Pakistan's mostnotion that what appears to be convenient in the
powerful man.short-term is likely to be catastrophic in the long
Shortly after the 1999 coup, General Musharraf toldterm. Who knows this better than the US, which is
the nation: "I shall not allow the people to be takenbeing blamed for its past patronage of today's
back to the era of sham democracy." Five yearsrascals and past "freedom fighters"--the Muslim
later, the people realized that Musharraf has trulyfundamentalist? A key lesson of September 11 is that
kept his word. He did not allow anyone to taketerrorism springs from religious and political extremism
people back to the era of shame democracy. He didnurtured by autocracy and the suppression of
it himself.democratic voices.
The lesson General Musharraf and his WesternBefore September 11, Pervez Musharraf was more
backers are leaving behind for other coup leaders inshunned than sought after by world leaders. Today,
this process is: If the constitution does not legitimizethe opposite is true. The General himself, when he
your actions, delegitimize the constitution. That youwas army chief, was seen as an instigator of
can do by virtue of holding it in abeyance. In thedangerous Pakistani provocations in
meanwhile, instead of mending your ways, amendIndian-administered Kashmir in 1999, a period best
the constitution to legitimize both your actions andremembered as the "Kargil crisis." Later that year, he
the "sacred" document.seized power in a bloodless coup and named himself
It might sound odd and impossible but not forpresident in 2001, kicking out the civilian Prime Minister
someone backed up by absolute power.by accusing him of selling the national interest to US
The former shame Pakistani democracies now seemand India by agreeing to withdraw from the Kargil
far better by comparison when looked at in thearea in Indian Kashmir--an agreement Musharraf
perspective of all the crusaders of democracy fullycharacterized as compromising national security.
approving and supporting a people's living under aGeneral Musharraf is lucky as he is riding high
systematically legalized dictatorship.internationally, having transformed his image from a
The move by Pervez Musharraf, Pakistan’svirtual pariah to an ally of the West following his
military ruler, to legitimize and cement his grip onpost-September 11 desertion of the Taliban. He has
power through a passing awkward bill, ‘The Bill toused that American-compelled turnabout in Pakistani
Enable the President of Pakistan to Hold Anotherpolicy and his assistance in the anti-terror war to reap
Office’ in the national assembly on Octobermajor benefits, including significant Western aid and
14th, 2004 to extend his self-declared Presidency islegitimizing his dictatorship. He has also kept
as clear a manifestation of the absurdity of theWashington happy through certain concessions, like
exercise to legitimize General Pervez Musharraf andgiving permission to the US forces to join Pakistani
to remain in uniform as Chief of Army staff fortroops in hunting in the Pakistani territory. In turn,
unspecified period is likely to see him emerge farGeneral Musharraf has taken advantage of the
weaker politically and more vulnerable on thefriendly attitudes of the West not only to break his
legitimacy question. In reneging on his pledge todemocracy pledge but also to shrink back from
return Pakistan to democracy, General Musharraf haspromises he made in when he took power.
attacked the main political parties and their leadersGeneral Musharraf oils his dictatorship with American
and he alienated the very constituency thataid, as did the previous Pakistani dictator, General Zia
supported his bloodless coup. The reality is thatul-Haq, who spurred on the rise of the forces of jihad
without the military’s grip on power beingand Islamisation campaign are still being felt today.
loosened and the rogue Inter-Services IntelligenceThe militant groups remain well-organised, well-armed
agency being cut to size, there can be no real,and well- financed. Yet General Musharraf continues
sustained movement in Pakistan toward democracy.to place limits on American anti-terrorist operations,
The fact that in Pakistan holding public meetings andbarring American forces from making independent
taking part in public demonstrations and processionshot-pursuit raids from Afghanistan into Pakistan. It is
are offenses under military decree is overshadowedbecoming more certain with every passing moment
by the General's rhetoric of "containing militancy".that the international community--read as 'USA'--is
Musharraf plans to continue his military dictatorshipgoing to repeat the mistakes of the past--the
through a manufactured political party PML-Qmistake of supporting and nurturing Suhartos,
(Pakistan Muslim League-Q), shutting out from thePinochets, Marcos and Zias.
contest the legitimate political parties and leaders ofThe perpetrators of "Operation Enduring Freedom"
Pakistan. Two of Pakistan's ex-prime ministers areare collaborating with Pakistan's generals to snatch
living in exile, and plenty of political workers arethe very freedom from the people of Pakistan that
disqualified from taking part in the Pakistani politics.they claim to be fighting for.
Political parties fear that the secrete dealing betweenThe country’s fifty-five year history has been
General Musharraf and a coalition of Islamist politicala series of lengthy duels between general and
parties would play into the long-term goals ofpolitician, with civil servants acting as seconds for
Pakistani Islamic fundamentalism (The dictator, andboth sides. Statistics reveal the winner: while elected
the coalition of Islamist hardliners, the MMA (MULLAHrepresentatives have run the country for fifteen
MILITARY ALLIANCE) has already a deal and MMAyears, and unaccountable bureaucrats and their tame
has supported a bill in parliament by which thefront men for eleven, the Army has been in power
president can dismiss the prime minister - the movefor Thirty Five—leading some to suggest that the
would have to be ratified by the Supreme court). Togreen-and-white national flag might be re-coloured
them, failure to return to democracy means thatkhaki. It is a dismal record, but the Pakistan high
extremist allies remaining within Pakistan's securitycommand has never tolerated interference from
services cannot be effectively rooted out.civilian politicians for too long. The last elected leader
"Civilian control of all aspects of national policy,to believe he had the Army firmly under his control,
including security matters, is the only way to ensureZulfiqar Ali Bhutto, had to be disabused of the notion.
that Pakistan does not become a haven forIn 1977, on the orders of General Zia—an erstwhile
extremists again," one political analyst remarked.favourite whom Bhutto had promoted over the
"Let us remember the lessons of Iran," writes Benazirheads of five, more deserving, superior
Bhutto. "The Shah of Iran was the West's surrogateofficers—the prime minister was removed from
regional policeman for decades. His policies of chokingpower and hanged two years later.
and victimizing democratic forces led to theNo dictator believes in a short tenure. If Musharraf
fundamentalist revolution from which the world hashad any plans of turning over power to a civilian, he
yet to recover."wouldn't have given the Sharif family its one-way
She continues, "For the moment, some might findticket to Riyadh
Musharraf's dictatorship useful. But the United StatesOf the four dictators Pakistan has had, two have
must proceed with great caution and wisdom. In thebeen assassinated; another two were removed in
words of John F. Kennedy, 'Foreign policy requiresdisgrace. There should be no reason for Musharraf to
the long view.' Ultimately, the West's blind eye tobelieve he would buck the trend
democracy and human rights can have unintended,Author is currently living in EXILE in Sweden.
unforeseen, and deadly consequences, not just in